AI Tool Improves Breast Cancer Detection on Mammography

Artificial intelligence (AI) can enhance the performance of radiologists in reading breast cancer screening mammograms, according to a study in Radiology: Artificial Intelligence.

Breast cancer screening with mammography has been shown to improve prognosis and reduce mortality by detecting disease at an earlier, more treatable stage. However, many cancers are missed on screening mammography, and suspicious findings often turn out to be benign. An earlier study from Radiology found that, on average, only 10% of women recalled from screening for additional diagnostic workup based on suspicious findings are ultimately found to have cancer.

Sensitivity for Cancer Increased When Using AI Support

For the study, researchers used MammoScreen, an AI tool that can be applied with mammography to aid in cancer detection. The AI system is designed to identify regions suspicious for breast cancer on 2D digital mammograms and assess their likelihood of malignancy.

Fourteen radiologists assessed a dataset of 240 2D digital mammography images acquired between 2013 and 2016 that included different types of abnormalities. Half of the dataset was read without AI and the other half with the help of AI during a first session and without during a second session.

Average sensitivity for cancer increased slightly when using AI support. AI also helped reduce the rate of false negatives, or findings that look normal even though cancer is present.

“The results show that MammoScreen may help to improve radiologists’ performance in breast cancer detection,” said Serena Pacilè, PhD, clinical research manager at Therapixel, where the software was developed.

The improved diagnostic performance of radiologists in the detection of breast cancer was achieved without prolonging their workflow. In cases with a low likelihood of malignancy, reading time decreased in the second reading session. This reduced reading time could increase overall radiologists’ efficiency, allowing them to focus their attention on the more suspicious examinations, the researchers said.

In March, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration cleared MammoScreen for use in the clinic, where it could help reduce the workload of radiologists, according to Dr. Pacilè.

The researchers plan to explore the behavior of the AI tool on a large screening-based population and its ability to detect breast cancer earlier.

For More Information

Access the Radiology: Artificial Intelligence study, “Improving Breast Cancer Detection Accuracy of Mammography with the Concurrent Use of an Artificial Intelligence Tool.”

Read previous RSNA News stories on AI:

• Radiology Informatics Experts Help Shape the Future of Artificial Intelligence
• RSNA at the Forefront of AI Innovation

For patient-friendly information on mammography, visit RadiologyInfo.org.