Islet Cell Tumors of the Pancreas

Clinical, Radiologic, and Pathologic Correlation in Diagnosis and Localization

Abstract Introduction and Historical Perspective Clinical Features

Pathologic and Histologic Features Radiologic Features Differential Diagnosis Treatment and Prognosis

Summary Source Information References

Summary

Endocrine neoplasms manifest with a wide variety of clinical appearances, biologic behaviors, and radiologic characteristics and are grouped together as islet cell tumors. They are most conveniently divided on clinical grounds into those that are functioning and those that are clinically silent. Functioning lesions, particularly insulinomas and gastrinomas, typically manifest early due to the endocrine symptoms they produce. These tumors tend to be small. Clinically silent tumors are large, manifest later in their course, and produce few symptoms. Larger tumors more commonly demonstrate cystic changes, necrosis, calcification, local and vascular invasion, and distant metastases. Functioning tumors are diagnosed clinically, whereas clinically silent tumors are usually detected radiologically. A variety of radiologic techniques are used to locate and characterize these lesions. Localization algorithms are usually tailored according to the experience, expertise, and preference of the radiologist. The prognosis and treatment of these lesions depend on their size, behavior, and the hormone they produce.

Abstract Introduction and Historical Perspective Clinical Features

Pathologic and Histologic Features Radiologic Features Differential Diagnosis Treatment and Prognosis

Summary Source Information References